Asia Life Sciences

Abstract : The purpose of this study is analyzing the DAZ gene deletion in infertile men oligozoospermia to azoospermia on Javanese and non-Javanese ethnics in Indonesia and whether the occurrence of deletion is affected by ethnic. A hundred sample from infertile men consisting of 45 Javanese and 55 non-Javanese ethnics were used. The sperm were selected and categorized based on the results of semen analysis which includes volume and pH, concentration, motility, and morphology. The genom DNA was extracted from peripheral blood and analyzed for DAZ gene deletion. Analysis of deletion for each ethnic used descriptive approach while the effect of deletion on the ethnic used Chi-square statistic. The results showed that 5 samples (11%) had DAZ gene deletion in Javanese and 7 samples (13%) in nonJavanese ethnic. Based on the category of sperm abnormalities, 5 samples with DAZ gene deletion in Javanese ethnic consisted of 4 and 1 samples with azoospermia and severe oligospermia group, respectively. In non-Javanese ethnic, 3 samples are from azoospermia group and 4 samples are from severe oligozoospermia group. None deletion occurred in the oligozoospermia group from both ethnics. Both ethnics had 50% asthenozoospermia, meanwhile, 16 samples (62%) from the Javanese and 12 samples (43%) from the non-Javanese had teratozoospermia. It indicated that the DAZ gene deletion affected spermatogenesis to produce the quantity and quality of sperm. Also, the deletion occurrence was randomly occured and regardless the ethnic background

Abstract : One of the most frequently discussed issues in a company life is organizational changes. Scholars and practitioner pay considerable attention to the management, processes and economic effects of organizational changes. Economic forecasts expect a rise in the number of organizational changes. As effects of organizational changes reflect on employees and the latter subsequently effect the organization, we have chosen to research in detail specific employee experiences in an organization planning a merger with another organization