For the first time in Uzbekistan, an anatomical and histological study of the vegetative organs of Artemisia annua was carried out. When treated with a solution of methylene blue and safranine, drops of yellow essential oil are found in palisade spongy cells. Also, in the primary crust, parenchymal cells are filled with biologically active substances. The results obtained made it possible to determine a number of morphological, anatomical, histological and characteristic diagnostic signs for this species. These identified diagnostic signs can serve in the identification of plant materials